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Commandant of the Marine Corps Incumbent: Gen James F. Amos since: October 22, 2010 First Samuel Nicholas Formation November 28, 1775de facto, July 12, 1798de jure The Commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC) is normally the highest ranking officer in the United States Marine Corps and is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[1] The CMC reports directly to the United States Secretary of the Navy and is responsible for ensuring the organization, policy, plans, and programs for the Marine Corps as well as advising the President, the Secretary of Defense, the National Security Council,[1] the Homeland Security Council,[1] and the Secretary of the Navy on matters involving the Marine Corps. Under the authority of the Secretary of the Navy, the CMC designates Marine personnel and resources to the commanders of Unified Combatant Commands.[2] The commandant performs all other functions prescribed in Section 5043 in Title 10 of the United States Code[3] or delegates those duties and responsibilities to other officers in his administration in his name. As with the other joint chiefs, the Commandant is an administrative position and has no operational command authority over United States Marine Corps forces. The Commandant is nominated by the President for a four-year term of office and must be confirmed by the Senate.[3] By statute, the Commandant is appointed as a four-star general while serving in office.[3] "The Commandant is directly responsible to the Secretary of the Navy for the total performance of the Marine Corps. This includes the administration, discipline, internal organization, training, requirements, efficiency, and readiness of the service. The Commandant is also responsible for the operation of the Marine Corps material support system."[4] Since 1801, the home of the Commandant has been located in the Marine Barracks in Washington, D.C. and his main offices are in Arlington, Virginia. Contents 1 Responsibilities 2 List of commandants 2.1 Timeline 3 See also 4 References 4.1 Notes 4.2 General 5 External links // Responsibilities The responsibilities of the Commandant are outlined in Title 10, Section 5043 the United States Code[3] and is "Subject to the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of the Navy". As stated in the U.S. Code, the Commandant shall preside over the Headquarters, Marine Corps, transmit the plans and recommendations of the Headquarters, Marine Corps, to the Secretary and advise the Secretary with regard to such plans and recommendations, after approval of the plans or recommendations of the Headquarters, Marine Corps, by the Secretary, act as the agent of the Secretary in carrying them into effect, exercise supervision, consistent with the authority assigned to commanders of unified or specified combatant commands under chapter 6 of this title, over such of the members and organizations of the Marine Corps and the Navy as the Secretary determines, perform the duties prescribed for him by section 171 of this title and other provisions of law and perform such other military duties, not otherwise assigned by law, as are assigned to him by the President, the Secretary of Defense, or the Secretary of the Navy.[3] List of commandants Thirty-five [5] men have served as the Commandant of the Marine Corps, including the current Commandant James F. Amos. The first Commandant was Samuel Nicholas, who took office as a captain,[5] though there was no office titled "Commandant" at the time, and the Second Continental Congress had authorized that the senior-most Marine could take a rank up to Colonel.[6] The longest-serving was Archibald Henderson, sometimes referred to as the "Grand old man of the Marine Corps" due to his thirty-nine year tenure.[5] In the 235-year history of the United States Marine Corps, only one Commandant has ever been fired from the job: Anthony Gale, as a result of a court-martial in 1820.[5] # Picture Name Rank Start of tenure End of tenure Notes 1 NicholasSamuel Nicholas O-04 Major 01775-11-28 November 28, 1775 01783-08-27 August 27, 1783 The first de facto Commandant for his role as the senior-most officer of the Continental Marines.[7] 2 BurrowsWilliam W. Burrows O-05 Lieutenant Colonel 01798-07-12 July 12, 1798 01804-03-06 March 6, 1804 The first de jure Commandant, he started many important organizations within the Marine Corps, including the United States Marine Band 3.03 WhartonFranklin Wharton O-05 Lieutenant Colonel 01804-03-07 March 7, 1804 01818-09-01 September 1, 1818 Was the first Commandant to occupy the Commandant's House at the Marine Barracks, Washington, D.C. 3.5 Henderson1Archibald Henderson (acting) O-05 Major 01818-09-16 September 16, 1818 01819-03-02 March 2, 1819 Acting Commandant, would later serve as Commandant from 1820 to 1859 4 — GaleAnthony Gale O-05 Lieutenant Colonel 01819-03-03 March 3, 1819 01820-10-08 October 8, 1820 The only Commandant to be fired 5 Henderson2Archibald Henderson O-07 Brevet Brigadier General 01820-10-17 October 17, 1820 01859-01-06 January 6, 1859 The longest-serving Commandant; known as the "Grand old man of the Marine Corps"; known for his role in expanding the Marine Corp's mission to include expeditionary warfare and rapid deployment[8] 6 HarrisJohn Harris O-06Colonel 01859-01-07 January 7, 1859 01864-05-01 May 1, 1864 Commandant during the start of the American Civil War 7 ZeilinJacob Zeilin O-07Brigadier General 01864-06-10 June 10, 1864 01876-10-31 October 31, 1876 Became the Marine Corps' first general officer, officially approved of the design of the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor as the emblem of the Marine Corps 8 McCawleyCharles G. McCawley O-06Colonel 01876-11-01 November 1, 1876 01891-01-29 January 29, 1891 Chose "Semper Fidelis", Latin for "Always Faithful", as the official Marine Corps motto 9 HeywoodCharles Heywood O-08 Major General 01891-06-30 June 30, 1891 01903-10-02 October 2, 1903 Was the first Marine to hold the rank of Major General 10 ElliottGeorge F. Elliott O-08 Major General 01903-10-03 October 3, 1903 01910-11-30 November 30, 1910 Successfully resisted attempts to remove seagoing Marines from capital ships and to merge the Corps into the United States Army 11 BiddleWilliam P. Biddle O-08 Major General 01911-02-03 February 3, 1911 01914-02-24 February 24, 1914 Established the Advanced Base Force, forerunner of today's Fleet Marine Force 12 BarnettGeorge Barnett O-08 Major General 01914-02-25 February 25, 1914 01920-06-30 June 30, 1920 Served as Commandant during World War I, which caused a huge increase in personnel during his term 13 LejeuneJohn A. Lejeune O-08 Major General 01920-07-01 July 1, 1920 01929-03-04 March 4, 1929 Started the tradition of the birthday ball with Marine Corps Order 47, still read annually 14 NevilleWendall C. Neville O-08 Major General 01929-03-05 March 5, 1929 01930-07-08 July 8, 1930 Recipient of the Medal of Honor and Marine Corps Brevet Medal 15 FullerBen H. Fuller O-08 Major General 01930-07-09 July 9, 1930 01933-02-28 February 28, 1933 Consolidated the Fleet Marine Force concept 16 RussellJohn H. Russell, Jr. O-08 Major General 01934-03-01 March 1, 1934 01936-11-30 November 30, 1936 The system of seniority promotions of officers was changed to advancement by selection, the 1st Marine Brigade was withdrawn from Haiti, and the number of ships carrying Marine detachments continued to increase. 17 HolcombThomas Holcomb O-09 Lieutenant General 01936-12-01 December 1, 1936 01943-12-31 December 31, 1943 Expanded the Corps almost 20 times in size for World War II and integrated women into the Corps. The first Marine to be advanced (after retirement) to the rank of General 18 VandegriftAlexander A. Vandegrift O-09 General 01944-01-01 January 1, 1944 01947-12-31 December 31, 1947 Recipient of the Medal of Honor. Was the first active duty Marine to hold the rank of General, resisted attempts to merge the Corps with the Army 19 CatesClifton B. Cates O-10General 01948-01-01 January 1, 1948 01951-12-31 December 31, 1951 Recipient of the Navy Cross 20 ShepherdLemuel C. Shepherd, Jr. O-10General 01952-01-01 January 1, 1952 01955-12-31 December 31, 1955 First Commandant to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff 21 PateRandolph M. Pate O-10General 01956-01-01 January 1, 1956 01959-12-31 December 31, 1959   22 ShoupDavid M. Shoup O-10General 01960-01-01 January 1, 1960 01963-12-31 December 31, 1963 Recipient of the Medal of Honor 23 GreeneWallace M. Greene, Jr. O-10General 01964-01-01 January 1, 1964 01967-12-31 December 31, 1967 Oversaw the proliferation of the Corps in the Vietnam War 24 ChapmanLeonard F. Chapman, Jr. O-10General 01968-01-01 January 1, 1968 01971-12-31 December 31, 1971 Was the Commandant during the Vietnam War 25 CushmanRobert E. Cushman, Jr. O-10General 01972-01-01 January 1, 1972 01975-06-30 June 30, 1975 Saw the last of the Marines leave Vietnam and the peacetime strength fall to 194,000 while still maintaining readiness 26 WilsonLouis H. Wilson, Jr. O-10General 01975-07-01 July 1, 1975 01979-06-30 June 30, 1979 Recipient of the Medal of Honor 27 BarrowRobert H. Barrow O-10General 01979-07-01 July 1, 1979 01983-06-30 June 30, 1983 Was the first Commandant to serve a regular four-year tour as a full member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, acquired approval of production of the American-modified Harrier aircraft, and several other improvements to enhance the effectiveness of the Marine Corps 28 KelleyPaul X. Kelley O-10General 01983-07-01 July 1, 1983 01987-06-30 June 30, 1987 In 2007, in an op-ed piece in the Washington Post, General Kelly spoke against President George W. Bush's executive order concerning the interrogation and torture of terrorism suspects. 29 GrayAlfred M. Gray, Jr. O-10General 01987-07-01 July 1, 1987 01991-06-30 June 30, 1991 The Alfred M. Gray Research Center at Marine Corps Base Quantico houses the Marine Corps Archives and Special Collections, the Quantico Base Library, and the research library for the Marine Corps University. 30 MundyCarl E. Mundy, Jr. O-10General 01991-07-01 July 1, 1991 01995-06-30 June 30, 1995 Is currently on the board of directors for General Dynamics and is the Chairman of the Marine Corps University foundation 31 KrulakCharles C. Krulak O-10General 01995-07-01 July 1, 1995 01999-06-30 June 30, 1999 Was the son of Marine Corps Lieutenant General Victor H. Krulak 32 JonesJames L. Jones O-10General 01999-07-01 July 1, 1999 02003-01-12 January 12, 2003 Oversaw the Marine Corps' development of MARPAT camouflage uniforms and the adoption of the Marine Corps Martial Arts Program; later became the first Marine officer to serve as Commander, U.S. European Command (USEUCOM) and NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), then as National Security Advisor for the Obama Administration. 33 HageeMichael W. Hagee O-10General 02003-01-13 January 13, 2003 02006-11-13 November 13, 2006 Guided the Corps through the initial years of the Iraq War 34 ConwayJames T. Conway O-10General 02006-11-14 November 14, 2006 02010-10-22 October 22, 2010 Commanded Marines forces in the Iraq War and oversaw expansion of the Corps to 202,000 personnel 35 AmosJames F. Amos O-10General 02010-10-22 October 22, 2010 Incumbent First United States Naval Aviator to serve as Commandant[9] Timeline See also United States Marine Corps portal Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps References Notes ^ a b c 10 U.S.C. § 151 Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions. ^ 10 U.S.C. § 165 Combatant commands: administration and support ^ a b c d e 10 U.S.C. § 5043 Commandant of the Marine Corps ^ "Appendix A: How the Marines Are Organized" (PDF). Marine Corps Concepts and Programs 2006. United States Marine Corps. p. 252. http://www.usmc.mil/units/hqmc/pandr/Documents/Concepts/2006/PDF/Appendicies%202006%20PDFs/2006Appx%20A%20pg252-254%20Intro%20and%20HQMC.pdf. Retrieved 2007-05-06.  ^ a b c d "Commandants of the U.S. Marine Corps". Historical Topics: Frequently Requested. Reference Branch, History Division, United States Marine Corps. http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Frequently_Requested/Commandants.htm. Retrieved 2007-10-21.  ^ Journal of the Continential Congress (10 November 1775). "Resolution Establishing the Continential Marines". United States Marine Corps History Division. http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Docs_Speeches/Continentialcongressestmarines1775.htm. Retrieved 2 February 2010.  ^ Hoffman, Col Jon T. (2002). Marine Corps Association. ed. USMC: A Complete History. Beth L. Crumley (illustration editor), Charles J. Ziga (design), Col John Greenwood (editor), James O. Muschett (editor). Hugh Lauter Levin Associates. ISBN 0-88363-650-6. http://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/bookindex02.asp.  ^ Krivdo, Michael E. (4th quarter 2009). "Harpers Ferry: Last Action of "Henderson Era"". Fortitudine (Quantico, VA: United States Marine Corps Historical Program) 34 (4): pp. 7–11. ISBN 0-16-010404-1. http://bookstore.gpo.gov/actions/GetPublication.do?stocknumber=708-084-00000-0. Retrieved 2010-02-01.  ^ Shea, Sgt Jimmy D. (22 October 2010). "Taking the Reins: Marine Corps Welcomes New Commandant". Headquarters Marine Corps. United States Marine Corps. http://www.marines.mil/unit/barracks/Pages/TakingthereinsMarineCorpswelcomesnewcommandant.aspx. Retrieved 22 October 2010.  General  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps. Allan Reed Millett and Jack Shulimson, ed (2004). Commandants of the Marine Corps. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9780870210129. http://books.google.com/books?id=Qns8bW_SESYC.  External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Commandants of the United States Marine Corps Official website v • d • e Leadership of the United States Marine Corps Commandants Nicholas · Burrows · Wharton · Gale · Henderson · Harris · Zeilin · McCawley · Heywood · Elliott · Biddle · Barnett · Lejeune · Neville · Fuller · Russell · Holcomb · Vandegrift · Cates · Shepherd · Pate · Shoup · Greene · Chapman · Cushman · Wilson · Barrow · Kelley · Gray · Mundy · Krulak · Jones · Hagee · Conway · Amos Assistant Commandants Cole · Lejeune · Long · Neville · Feland · Williams · Fuller · Myers · Russell · McDougal · Little · H. Smith · Vandegrift · Barrett · Keyser · Schmidt · Rockey · Peck · Turnage · Shepherd · O. Smith · Silverthorn · Thomas · Pate · Megee · McCaul · Munn · Hayes · Mangrum · Chapman · Walt · McCutcheon · R. Davis · Anderson · Jaskilka · Barrow · McLennan · Kelley · J. Davis · Morgan · Went · J. R. Dailey · Boomer · Hearney · Neal · Dake · Williams · Nyland · Magnus · Amos · Dunford Sergeants Major Bestwick · Rauber · McHugh · Sweet · J. W. Daily · Puckett · Black · Massaro · Crawford · Cleary · Sommers · Overstreet · Lee · McMichael · Estrada · Kent Secretary of the Navy (navbox) · Four-star generals · Headquarters Marine Corps · Category v • d • e United States Marine Corps Portal:United States Marine Corps  · Category:United States Marine Corps Leadership Secretary of the Navy · Under Secretary of the Navy · Commandant of the Marine Corps · Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps · Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps · Four-star generals · United States Congress (House Subcommittee on Seapower and Expeditionary Forces · Senate Subcommittee on Seapower) Major commands Organization of the Marine Corps · Headquarters Marine Corps · Marine Forces Command (II Marine Expeditionary Force) · Marine Forces Pacific (I Marine Expeditionary Force · III Marine Expeditionary Force) · Marine Forces Reserve · Fleet Marine Force (Atlantic · Pacific) Structure Marine Air-Ground Task Force · Bases · Battalions · Marine aviation · Marine Expeditionary Unit · MARSOC · Recon (Force · Division) Personnel and training Personnel: Rank insignia · MOS · Notable Marines · Historical Marines · Criminal Investigation Division · Judge Advocate Division · Chaplain of the Marine Corps · Hispanic Marines · Associated organizations Training: Recruit Training · School of Infantry · Officer Candidates School · The Basic School · Martial Arts Program Uniforms and equipment Uniforms · Awards · Badges · Weapons · Vehicles and aircraft · Individual equipment History and traditions History · Culture · Acronyms and terms · Birthday Ball · Eagle, Globe, and Anchor · Marine Band · Drum and Bugle Corps · Service Numbers · Marine Corps War Memorial · Flag · Marine One · Marines' Hymn · National Museum · Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima · Rifleman's Creed · Semper Fidelis · Silent Drill Platoon · Toys for Tots v • d • e United States Joint Chiefs of Staff Mullen (Chairman) • Cartwright (Vice-Chairman) Casey (Army) • Amos (Marine Corps) • Roughead 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Aircraft: (N · CG · NOAA) · Reactors Air Aircraft (WWI · active) · Aircraft Designation · Missiles · Helicopter Arms Other Electronics (designations) · Flags: (A · MC · N · AF · CG · Ensign · Jack · Guidons) · Food · WMDs: (Nuclear · Biological · Chemical) Legend: A = Army, MC = Marine Corps, N = Navy, AF = Air Force, CG = Coast Guard, PHS = Public Health Service, NOAA = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, MSC = Military Sealift Command