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Glomerular basement membrane Glomerulus. (Diagram in French, but "Membrane basale glomerulaire et ses podocytes" labeled near center.) Scheme of filtration barrier (blood-urine) in the kidney. A. The endothelial cells of the glomerulus; 1. pore (fenestra). B. Glomerular basement membrane: 1. lamina rara externa 2. lamina densa 3. lamina rara interna C. Podocytes: 1. enzymatic and structural protein 2. filtration slit 3. diaphragma MeSH glomerular+basement+membrane The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration through the filtration slits between the podocytes, separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas. [1] Contents 1 Layers 2 Pathology 3 See also 4 Additional images 5 References 6 External links Layers The GBM contains three layers: [2] Layer Location Composition Function lamina rara externa adjacent to podocyte processes heparan sulfate blocks by charge lamina densa dark central zone type 4 collagen and laminin blocks by size (MW > 69,000) lamina rara interna adjacent to endothelial cells heparan sulfate blocks by charge Pathology Goodpasture's syndrome is also known as "anti-glomerular basement membrane disease". Capillaries become inflamed as a result of damage to the basement membrane by antibodies to type 4 collagen. Nephrotic syndrome is a change in the structure of the glomerular filtration mechanism usually in the glomerular basement membrane. Some symptoms include proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, and hyperlipidemia. Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a thickening of the basement membrane, which can become up to 4-5 times thicker than normal. Can be caused by insulin deficiency or resultant hyperglycemia. See also basement membrane nephrin Additional images Renal corpuscle. GBM is #1. References ^ Physiology at MCG 7/7ch04/7ch04p07 - "Basement Membrane" ^ JCI - New articles published External links MeSH glomerular+basement+membrane "The GBM and its disorders" at dmed.ed.ac.uk Histology at harvard.edu Structure at wramc.army.mi This article related to the genitourinary system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e v · d · eAnatomy: urinary system (TA A08, TH H3.06, GA 11.1215) Abdomen Kidneys Layers Renal fascia • Renal capsule • Renal cortex  (Renal column) • Renal medulla (Renal sinus, Renal pyramids, medullary interstitium) • Renal lobe • Cortical lobule • Medullary ray • Nephron Intrarenal arteries (Renal artery) → Segmental arteries → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Interlobular arteries → Afferent arterioles Renal tubule Renal corpuscle (Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule) → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle (Descending, Thin ascending, Thick ascending) → Distal convoluted tubule → Connecting tubule → Collecting ducts aka Duct of Belini → Renal papilla → Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis Intrarenal veins Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries / Vasa recta → Arcuate vein → Interlobar veins → (Renal vein) JGA Macula densa • Juxtaglomerular cells • Mesangium/Extraglomerular mesangial cell Filtration Glomerular basement membrane • Podocyte • Filtration slits • Mesangium/Intraglomerular mesangial cell • Tubular fluid Ureters Orifice of ureter • Adventitia • Muscular layer • Mucosa Pelvis Bladder Apex • Uvula • Neck • Median umbilical ligament • Muscular layer (Trigone • Detrusor) • Mucosa • Submucosa Urethra Urethral sphincters (External sphincter muscle of male urethra, External sphincter muscle of female urethra, Internal sphincter muscle of urethra) M: URI anat/phys/devp/cell noco/acba/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, urte proc/itvp, drug (G4B), blte, urte