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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2008) For other uses, see Admiral (disambiguation). See also: Admiralty Common anglophone military ranks Navies Armies Air forces Officers Admiral of the Fleet Marshal / Field Marshal Marshal of the Air Force Admiral General Air Marshal Commodore Brigadier Air Commodore Captain Colonel Group Captain Commander Lt. Colonel Wing Commander Lieutenant Commander Major / Commandant Squadron Leader Lieutenant Captain Flight Lieutenant Sub-Lieutenant Lieutenant Flying Officer Ensign 2nd Lieutenant Pilot Officer Midshipman Officer Cadet Officer Cadet Seamen, soldiers and airmen Warrant Officer Sergeant Major Warrant Officer Petty Officer Sergeant Sergeant Leading Seaman Corporal Corporal Seaman Private Aircraftman Hierarchy of Naval Officer Ranks Flag Officers: Admiral of the Navy Admiral of the Fleet • Fleet Admiral General Admiral • Grand Admiral • Admiral Squadron Admiral • Flotilla Admiral Vice-Admiral • Lieutenant Admiral Rear Admiral • Counter Admiral Commodore Admiral • Schout-bij-nacht Port Admiral • Commodore Senior Officers: Fleet Captain • Post Captain Captain • Ship-of-the-Line Captain Captain of Sea and War • Captain at Sea Corvette Captain • Commander Frigate Captain • Lieutenant Commander Junior Officers: Captain Lieutenant • Flag Lieutenant Lieutenant • Ship-of-the-Line Lieutenant Corvette Lieutenant • Frigate Lieutenant Lieutenant (junior grade) • Sub-Lieutenant Ensign Training Officers: Passed Midshipman • Midshipman Naval Cadet Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. It is usually considered a full admiral (equivalent to full general) and above Vice Admiral and below Admiral of the Fleet/Fleet Admiral. It is usually abbreviated to "Adm" or "ADM". Where relevant, Admiral has a NATO code of OF-9, and is a 4 star rank. Contents 1 History and origins 2 Admiral insignia by country 3 See also 4 References // History and origins The word Admiral in Middle English comes from Anglo-French amiral, "commander", from Medieval Latin admiralis, "emir", admirallus, "admiral", from Arabic amir-al- أمير الـ, "commander of the" (as in amir-al-bahr أمير البحر "commander of the sea").[1] Crusaders learned the term during their encounters with the Arabs, perhaps as early as the 11th century. The Sicilians and later Genoese took the first two parts of the term and used them as one word, amiral, from their Aragon opponents. The French and Spanish gave their sea commanders similar titles while in Portuguese the word changed to almirante. As the word was used by people speaking Latin or Latin-based languages it gained the "d" and endured a series of different endings and spellings leading to the English spelling "admyrall" in the 14th century and to "admiral" by the 16th century. The word Admiral has today come to be almost exclusively associated with the highest naval rank in most of the world's navies, equivalent to the Army rank of (Full) General. However, this wasn't always the case; for example, in some European countries prior to the end of World War II, Admiral was the third highest naval rank behind General Admiral and Grand Admiral. The rank of Admiral has also been subdivided into various grades, several of which are historically extinct while others are used by most present day navies. The Royal Navy used colours (red, white, and blue, in descending order) to indicate the seniority of its admirals until 1864; for example, Horatio Nelson's highest rank was Vice Admiral of the White. The generic term for these naval equivalents of army generals is Flag Officer. Some navies have also used army-type titles for them, such as the Cromwellian General at Sea. Admiral insignia by country The rank insignia for an Admiral often involves four stars, but as can be seen below, there are many cases where the insignia for this four star rank do not involve four stars. Australian admiral Royal Australian Navy Canadian admiral Canadian Forces Maritime Command Chilean Admiral Chilean Navy People's Republic of China Admiral People's Liberation Army Navy Estonian admiral Eesti Merevägi French admiral Marine Nationale Navarchos (Greek Admiral) Hellenic Navy (Sleeve lace) Navarchos (Greek Admiral) Hellenic Navy (Shoulder board) German admiral Deutsche Marine Italian admiral Italian Navy Mexican admiral Mexican Navy Pakistan Admiral Pakistan Navy Polish Admirał Marynarka Wojenna Romanian admiral Forţele Navale Române Russian admiral Russian Navy Russian admiral Russian Navy Spanish admiral Armada Española Swedish Admiral Swedish Navy Ukrainian admiral Ukrainian Navy U.K. Admiral Royal Navy (Sleeve lace) U.K. Admiral Royal Navy (Shoulder board) U.S. Admiral U.S. Navy See also Admiral (Australia) Admiral of Castile Admiral of France Admiral (Germany) Admiral (Netherlands) Admiral (Russia) Admiral (Sweden) Admiral (United Kingdom) Admiral (United States) Comparative military ranks Nebraska admiral Category:Fictional admirals Category:Starfleet admirals Admiral (Star Trek) References ^ Merriam-Webster on-line dictionary