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For other uses, see Screamer (disambiguation). A screamer is a descriptive name for a circus march, in particular, an upbeat march intended to stir up the audience during the show. Contents 1 History 2 Musicality 3 Composers 4 Popular screamers 5 References 6 See also // History Screamers were mostly composed in a 60-year period (1895 – 1955). Circuses were in need of music that would stir the audience into a frenzy, as four-footed animals galloped across the ring. Because march music was a prominent part of American music at that time, and because it carried such a quick tempo, it was this that ringleaders demanded. Musicality Circus marches are faster than a normal military march, often 130 to 150 beats/minute. Although screamers tend to follow the march form, many times they are abbreviated, and additions, such as a quick cornet call introduction to a new melody, are included. The average screamer can last a minute to three and a half minutes. Screamers are a very demanding type of music, due to their extremely fast and advanced rhythms, especially the low-brass parts. Double and even triple tonguing is often required in order to play these rhythms. The trio in The Melody Shop is a good example of this. Many screamers have two prominent melodies playing at once. Although this is not unusual in a march, screamers tend to go further with this. The low-brass section can be playing a long, stately melody, while the woodwinds can be moving along with a phrase of 16th notes, or vice versa. Due to the circumstances in which screamers are played, dynamics tend to stay at a level forte. Unlike some military marches, piano is rarely used. Composers The most prominent composer of circus marches is Karl L. King, most notably with his march Barnum & Bailey's Favorite. Other screamer composers include Fred Jewell, and Henry Fillmore. John Philip Sousa wrote On Parade and a few others, but his writing in the circus march style is not renowned. Popular screamers The ABA March by Edwin Franko Goldman Americans We by Henry Fillmore Barnum & Bailey's Favorite by Karl L. King Bennett's Triumphal by Melvin H. Ribble The Big Cage by Karl L. King The Billboard March by John N. Klohr Bombasto by Orion R. Farrar Bones Trombone by Henry Fillmore Bravura by Charles E. Duble Bugles and Drums by Edwin Franko Goldman Circus Bee by Henry Fillmore Circus Days by Karl L. King Circus Echoes by Arthur W. Hughes Circus King by Charles E. Duble Coat of Arms by George Kenny Floto's Triumph by Fred Jewell His Honor by Henry Fillmore Invictus by Karl L. King Klaxon by Henry Fillmore The Melody Shop by Karl L. King Onward and Upward by Edwin Franko Goldman Robinson's Grand Entree by Karl L. King Rolling Thunder by Henry Fillmore The Squealer by Will Huff The Screamer by Frederick Jewell Smilin' Jack by Robert S. Keller Them Basses by Getty H. Huffine Thunder and Blazes (1897) by Julius Fučík References Fennell, Dr. Frederick: Screamers (Circus Marches), Eastman Wind Ensemble. Whitmarsch, Richard: Sounds of the Circus (28 volumes of circus music) See also Circus music American march music